Nano-Enhanced Cactus Oil as an MQL Cutting Fluid

Physicochemical, Rheological, Tribological, and Machinability Insights into Machining H13 Steel

verfasst von

Nada K. ElBadawy, Mohamed G.A. Nassef, Ibrahem Maher, Belal G. Nassef, Mohamed A. Daha, Florian Pape, Galal A. Nassef

Abstract

The widespread use of mineral cutting fluids in metalworking poses challenges due to their poor wettability, toxicity, and non-biodegradability. This study explores cactus oil-based nanofluids as sustainable alternatives for metal cutting applications. Samples of cactus oil are prepared in plain form and with 0.025 wt.%, 0.05 wt.%, and 0.1 wt.% activated carbon nanoparticles (ACNPs) from recycled plastic waste. Plain cactus oil exhibited a 34% improvement in wettability over commercial soluble oil, further enhanced by 60% with 0.05 wt.% ACNPs. Cactus oil displayed consistent Newtonian behavior with a high viscosity index (283), outperforming mineral-based cutting fluid in thermal stability. The addition of ACNPs enhanced the dynamic viscosity by 108–130% across the temperature range of 40–100 °C. The presence of nano-additives reduced the friction coefficient in the boundary lubrication zone by a maximum reduction of 32% for CO2 compared to plain cactus oil. The physical and rheological results translated directly to the observed improvements in surface finish and tool wear during machining operations on H13 steel. Cactus oil with 0.05 wt.% ACNP outperformed conventional fluids, reducing surface roughness by 35% and flank wear by 57% compared to dry. This work establishes cactus oil-based nanofluids as a sustainable alternative, combining recycled waste-derived additives and non-edible feedstock for greener manufacturing.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Fakultät für Maschinenbau
Institut für Maschinenkonstruktion und Tribologie

Externe Organisation(en)

Alexandria University
Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST)
Kafrelsheikh University

Typ

Artikel

Journal

Lubricants

Band

13

ISSN

2075-4442

Publikationsdatum

15.06.2025

Publikationsstatus

Veröffentlicht

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Maschinenbau, Oberflächen, Beschichtungen und Folien

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13060267 (Zugang: Offen)